Infertility is often seen as primarily a female issue, but this perspective is limited. In reality, infertility affects both men and women, with causes that vary depending on each individual situation.

Regarding female infertility, several key factors can lead to difficulties conceiving:

• Age : Female fertility naturally declines with age, especially after 35, due to a decrease in both the quality and quantity of oocytes
• Ovulation Disorders : Irregularities in the ovarian cycle, often caused by hormonal imbalances, are common. Frequent causes include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and deficiencies in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), both crucial for oocyte maturation.
• Structural Abnormalities : Certain malformations or uterine conditions can interfere with conception. These include uterine fibroids, polyps, and conditions like endometriosis, which may disrupt embryo implantation and cause chronic pain.
• Fallopian Tube Disorders : The fallopian tubes play a vital role in fertilization. Blockages, infections such as salpingitis, or damage can prevent sperm from reaching the oocyte or hinder embryo transport to the uterus
• Immune Issues : Autoimmune disorders like celiac disease or hormonal imbalances such as thyroid dysfunction can affect fertility by disrupting hormonal regulation and immune responses.
• Effects of Medications and Treatments : Certain medical treatments—including cancer therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy—or medications such as antidepressants and antihypertensives may impair ovarian function and fertility

Every case of infertility is unique. It is essential to consult a specialist to identify specific causes and determine the most appropriate treatment options.